Current disconnector: what is it and how does it work?

Current disconnector: what is it and how does it work?

The current disconnector is a fundamental element within an electrical circuit. But what exactly is it and how does it fulfill its protective role? In this article, we will explain everything you need to know.

The role of the disconnector in the electrical circuit

The disconnector is a device inserted in an electrical circuit with the specific purpose of disconnecting, i.e. opening a line, guaranteeing a prescribed insulation distance. This process is essential to ensure the safety of people working in a given environment.

The protection function of the disconnector

The main function of the disconnector is to interrupt the flow of energy in the environments where it is to be intervened. It is therefore a device of vital importance for the safety of people, playing a fundamental protective role.

The disconnector: a switching device

An important aspect to underline is that the disconnector is a switching device: this means that it must be operated manually to work. It therefore does not act automatically, but requires direct intervention from the operator.

How the current disconnector works

Once we have clarified what it is, let's find out how the disconnector manages to carry out its protection functions. To be able to do it best, it is essential to know how it works in detail. Continue following the article to find out more.

Power switch: operation and use

The current disconnector, despite having similar characteristics to a switch, has a significantly different operation. It is a switching device that requires manual action to interrupt and subsequently restore the flow of current in the circuit in which it is inserted.

Action of the disconnector in circuits

The disconnector is used in a wide range of systems, such as assembly lines and electricity distribution centers. In these contexts, the use of the disconnector is essential during maintenance periods. In fact, thanks to this device, the safety of the operator involved in the intervention can be guaranteed, offering him the possibility of working in optimal and safe conditions.

Disconnector and safety

The disconnector is a tool that ensures the continuity of the electrical service throughout the entire system, avoiding unwanted interruptions. In the event of an anomaly, for example, the use of the disconnector allows you to intervene on the fault in complete safety.

Restoration of the circuit using the disconnector

Once the correct functioning of the circuit has been restored, the disconnector is closed to allow the normal flow of current. This action concludes the intervention cycle and returns the system to full operation.

Differences between disconnector and switch

As previously highlighted, the disconnector has many characteristics similar to those of a switch. However, there are aspects that differentiate them from each other significantly. Both devices are used to separate two points connected to electricity, thus breaking metallic continuity.

To better understand how these two electrical devices differ, let's take a closer look at the main differences:

Switching device VS safety device

The first difference appears to be in the use of both devices. The disconnector is a switching device that must be activated manually in the event of an anomaly. On the contrary, the switch is a safety device that intervenes automatically when an anomaly occurs in the electrical circuit.

Breaking capacity and resistance to overvoltages

The second difference concerns the interrupting power. Unlike switches, disconnectors do not have a breaking capacity. The fundamental characteristic of the disconnector is in fact its maximum capacity to resist the passage of an overvoltage outdoors. When this threshold is exceeded, the disconnector opens, interrupting the flow of energy only in a part of the circuit and not in the entire system.

Types of disconnectors: varieties and characteristics

There are various types of disconnectors, each with unique characteristics. The classification can be made taking various aspects into consideration. Let's take a look:

✔️ Ampere-based disconnect switches

A first distinction can be made by considering the amperes. In fact, there are disconnectors ranging from a capacity of 16A up to 630A.

✔️ Disconnectors based on Voltage

Considering instead the voltage parameter, disconnectors are available that start from 230VAC and go up to 750VAC.

✔️ Disconnectors based on the Poles

A further classification criterion can be the number of poles: you can in fact purchase disconnectors that vary from a minimum of one pole up to a maximum of four poles.

✔️ Disconnectors based on the Modules

Finally, there are disconnectors that can contain from one to eight modules.